AML / CFT Programme Expectations

Money Services Businesses are inherently exposed to financial crime risk. Licensees are therefore expected to operate a practical and risk-based Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing programme that actively monitors transactions, customers, and counterparties.

Core AML / CFT Framework

Every licensed MSB should maintain a structured compliance environment.

Risk Assessment

Identify geographic, customer, and transaction risks relevant to the business model.

Customer Due Diligence

Verify identity, understand business purpose, and assess beneficial ownership.

Transaction Monitoring

Implement systems to detect unusual behaviour and suspicious transaction patterns.

Operational Controls

AML programmes should exist in practice, not just in documentation.

Sanctions Screening

Customers, counterparties, and beneficial owners should be screened against applicable sanctions lists.

Enhanced Due Diligence

Higher-risk customers or jurisdictions require deeper review and documentation.

Suspicious Activity Reporting

Internal escalation and reporting procedures should exist where suspicious behaviour is identified.

Record Retention

Customer and transaction records should be preserved for the legally required retention period.

Governance & Accountability

  • Appoint a designated AML compliance officer.
  • Maintain internal reporting channels for staff.
  • Conduct regular staff training and awareness programmes.
  • Maintain independent review or audit of the AML framework.
An AML programme that exists only as a policy document will not satisfy supervisory expectations. Evidence of real monitoring, investigation, and escalation activity is typically required.

High-Risk Indicators

Transaction anomalies

Unexpected spikes in transaction volume or patterns inconsistent with the customer profile.

Jurisdictional risk

Exposure to high-risk countries without appropriate monitoring or controls.

Customer behaviour changes

Sudden change in activity type, transaction size, or frequency.

Unusual payment routing

Complex routing or layered transactions designed to obscure origin of funds.